Washer.



M. D. WILLARD.

v WASHER. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 7, 1909 937,199, Patentedflct. 19, 1909.

WITNESSES:

WW I miT /M ATTORNEY tofore produced and one that would be efficient. Moreover my washer is capable of UNITED strntr ss PATENT OFFICE.

MATHEW n. WILLARD, or BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

WASHER.

Application filed January To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MATHEW D. WILLARD, l a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Buffalo, county of Erie, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Washers, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to an improved washer which is hereinafter fully described.

The object of my invention has been to produce a washer in the most economical manner involving the least possible waste of material and at the same time producing a washer that will be lighter than those herestronger and more efficient.-

As 15 well known to those skilled in the art washers of the class herein described have been produced from solid metallic-bars or rods. These bars orrods have been initially of the size of the greatest diameter of the washer. The ends of the bars or rods have been first treated with a double cutting tool which simultaneously forms the inner and outer faces of the washer. A cutting tool is then brought at right angles to the bar and g a disk having the formed front face already made on it as described, is cut off from the bar. This completes the washer.

The process just described necessitates a great waste of material and moreover is a i very expensive and slow process to perform. Moreover the washer thus formed is made of i an unnecessary amount of metal which does not add to its strength or its efliciency. a

In producing my inventionI have soughtto make a washer out of less material and at i the sametime make it stronger and more 1 being produced at a much less expense and 1 much faster than washers manufactured as previously described.

Referring now to ings: Figure 1 represents a metallic blank i or disk cut from a sheet of metal of suitable. thickness. Fig. 2 represents a top plan view 1 of my washer. Fig. 3 is a cross section of Fig. 2 taken on the line w-w and. shows a screw head fitted into it.

In producing my invention I first select a metallic sheet of suitable thickness and cm 5 from it a disk or blank of somewhat greater diameter than the diameter of the L finished washer and from the center of this the accompanying (lraws- Speeiflcation of Letters Patent.

1909. Serial No. 471,186.

adapted to form the finished washer into the desired shape. Thus in producing a washer like the washer 7 shown in Fig. 2, the die is so formed that the outside surface 8 shall be made convex as clearly shown. The inner face 9 of the washer is inwardly tapered and made atrue circle by the die former while the pilot of the die passes through the hole 6 of the blank 5 and fixes that hole to the desired size ofthe finished product. When the finished washer has been produced as described itwill be seen that it is adapted to receive a screw head 10 which is in effect countersunk within the concave outer surface of the washer while the periphery of the convex outer surface 8 forms substantially an unbroken line with the outer surface 12 of the screw 10. At thesa-me time the stem 11 of the screw passes through the hole 6 ofthe washer. It will be observed thatthe angular 5 space between the outer and the inner front faces of the washer is hollow.

l't will-be obvious from the foregoing description that my improved washer is light, strong and efficient. and moreover is cheaply produced without any substantial waste of metal. Comparing the waste of metal made in producing the washers of the prior art de scribed in the introductory niragraphs of my specification with the waste of metal made in producing my washer. it is estimated-that in producing the prior art washers out of every ten pounds of washers made there is a waste of fourteen pounds of metal while in making my washers. out of every ten pounds of metal used there is a waste of not more than a pound of metal.

Having thus described my invention. what -I claim is:

1. As an article of manufacture a washer formed from a single metal sheet and provided with two outer surfaces. one of said surfaces being convex and the other of said surfaces being inwardly tapered. the inside of said washer being hollow and the bottom of said washer being composed of the Hush edges of said outer surfaces.

Patented Oct. 19, 1909.

2. As an article of manufacture a washer In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set composed of a silngle metal sheet peg'foratid my hand in the presence of two witnesses. at its center and avin its outer sur ace su 'stantially convex in f0 1 'm,a central inwardly MATHEW WILLARD 5 tapered surface and having its base formed Witnesses:

by the flush edges of said convex surface and W. M. DOLLAR,

said inwardly tapered surface. V ETHEL A. KELLY. 

